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Computers do not understand human language; they understand data within the prescribed form. Data representation is a method to represent data and encode it in a computer system. Generally, a user inputs numbers, text, images, audio, and video etc types of data to process but the computer converts this data to machine language first and then processes it.
Data representation plays a vital role in storing, process, and data communication. A correct and effective data representation method impacts data processing performance and system compatibility.
Number system.
A computer system considers numbers as data; it includes integers, decimals, and complex numbers. All the inputted numbers are represented in binary formats like 0 and 1. A number system is categorized into four types −
The below-mentioned table below summarises the data representation of the number system along with their Base and digits.
Number System | ||
---|---|---|
System | Base | Digits |
Binary | 2 | 0 1 |
Octal | 8 | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
Decimal | 10 | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 |
Hexadecimal | 16 | 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F |
A bit is the smallest data unit that a computer uses in computation; all the computation tasks done by the computer systems are based on bits. A bit represents a binary digit in terms of 0 or 1. The computer usually uses bits in groups. It's the basic unit of information storage and communication in digital computing.
A group of eight bits is called a byte. Half of a byte is called a nibble; it means a group of four bits is called a nibble. A byte is a fundamental addressable unit of computer memory and storage. It can represent a single character, such as a letter, number, or symbol using encoding methods such as ASCII and Unicode.
Bytes are used to determine file sizes, storage capacity, and available memory space. A kilobyte (KB) is equal to 1,024 bytes, a megabyte (MB) is equal to 1,024 KB, and a gigabyte (GB) is equal to 1,024 MB. File size is roughly measured in KBs and availability of memory space in MBs and GBs.
The following table shows the conversion of Bits and Bytes −
Byte Value | Bit Value |
---|---|
1 Byte | 8 Bits |
1024 Bytes | 1 Kilobyte |
1024 Kilobytes | 1 Megabyte |
1024 Megabytes | 1 Gigabyte |
1024 Gigabytes | 1 Terabyte |
1024 Terabytes | 1 Petabyte |
1024 Petabytes | 1 Exabyte |
1024 Exabytes | 1 Zettabyte |
1024 Zettabytes | 1 Yottabyte |
1024 Yottabytes | 1 Brontobyte |
1024 Brontobytes | 1 Geopbytes |
A Text Code is a static code that allows a user to insert text that others will view when they scan it. It includes alphabets, punctuation marks and other symbols. Some of the most commonly used text code systems are −
EBCDIC stands for Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code. IBM developed EBCDIC in the early 1960s and used it in their mainframe systems like System/360 and its successors. To meet commercial and data processing demands, it supports letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and special symbols. Character codes distinguish EBCDIC from other character encoding methods like ASCII. Data encoded in EBCDIC or ASCII may not be compatible with computers; to make them compatible, we need to convert with systems compatibility. EBCDIC encodes each character as an 8-bit binary code and defines 256 symbols. The below-mentioned table depicts different characters along with their EBCDIC code.
ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It is an 8-bit code that specifies character values from 0 to 127. ASCII is a standard for the Character Encoding of Numbers that assigns numerical values to represent characters, such as letters, numbers, exclamation marks and control characters used in computers and communication equipment that are using data.
ASCII originally defined 128 characters, encoded with 7 bits, allowing for 2^7 (128) potential characters. The ASCII standard specifies characters for the English alphabet (uppercase and lowercase), numerals from 0 to 9, punctuation marks, and control characters for formatting and control tasks such as line feed, carriage return, and tab.
ASCII Tabular column | ||
---|---|---|
ASCII Code | Decimal Value | Character |
0000 0000 | 0 | Null prompt |
0000 0001 | 1 | Start of heading |
0000 0010 | 2 | Start of text |
0000 0011 | 3 | End of text |
0000 0100 | 4 | End of transmit |
0000 0101 | 5 | Enquiry |
0000 0110 | 6 | Acknowledge |
0000 0111 | 7 | Audible bell |
0000 1000 | 8 | Backspace |
0000 1001 | 9 | Horizontal tab |
0000 1010 | 10 | Line Feed |
Extended American Standard Code for Information Interchange is an 8-bit code that specifies character values from 128 to 255. Extended ASCII encompasses different character encoding normal ASCII character set, consisting of 128 characters encoded in 7 bits, some additional characters that utilise full 8 bits of a byte; there are a total of 256 potential characters.
Different extended ASCII exist, each introducing more characters beyond the conventional ASCII set. These additional characters may encompass symbols, letters, and special characters to a specific language or location.
Extended ASCII Tabular column
It is a worldwide character standard that uses 4 to 32 bits to represent letters, numbers and symbols. Unicode is a standard character encoding which is specifically designed to provide a consistent way to represent text in nearly all of the world's writing systems. Every character is assigned a unique numeric code, program, or language. Unicode offers a wide variety of characters, including alphabets, ideographs, symbols, and emojis.
Unicode Tabular Column
Computer system architecture notes pdf.
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Topics in our Computer System Architecture Notes PDF
The topics we will cover in these Computer System Architecture PDF Notes will be taken from the following list:
Digital Logic Circuits: Logic Gates, truth tables, Boolean Algebra, digital circuits, combinational circuits, sequential circuits, circuit simplification using Karnaugh map, Don’t Care Conditions, flip-flops, characteristic tables
Digital Components: Half Adder, Full Adder, Decoders, Multiplexers, Registers, and Memory Units
Data Representation and Basic Computer Arithmetic : Number system, complements, fixed, and floating-point representation. Alphanumeric representation. Addition, subtraction.
Basic Computer Organization and Design : Common Bus system, instruction codes, instruction format, instruction set completeness, Sequence Counter, timing and control, instruction cycle, memory reference instructions, and their implementation using arithmetic, logical, program control, transfer and input-output micro-operations, interrupt cycle.
Central Processing Unit : Micro programmed Control vs Hardwired Control, lower-level programming languages, Instruction format, accumulator, general register organization, stack organization, zero-address instructions, one-address instructions, two-address instructions, three address instructions, Addressing Modes, RISC, CISC architectures, pipelining and parallel processing.
Memory Organization and Input-Output Organization: Input-Output Organization: Peripheral Devices, I/O interface, I/O vs. Memory Bus, Programmed I/O, Interrupt-Driven I/O, Direct Memory Access
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Data Representation of Number System and Codes(in Hindi)
Lesson 5 of 5 • 3 upvotes • 7:39mins
This lesson covers data representation of number system and code conversion.
5 lessons • 40m
Introduction (in Hindi)
Conversion on Number System-I(in Hindi)
Conversion of Number System-II (in Hindi)
Arithmetic Operation and Compliments of Number System(in Hindi)
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Data Representation in Hindi : Data representation का अर्थ हैं कैसे हम किसी डाटा को represent करते हैं अर्थात् कैसे किसी डाटा को दर्शाते हैं, यहां पर डाटा representation दो शब्दों से मिलकर बना हैं ...
Contents. 1 Introduction -. 1.1 Definition of Data Representation -; 2 एनालॉग क्रियाएँ (Analog Operation) -; 3 बाइनरी या द्वि-आधारी संख्या प्रणाली (Binary Number System) -; 4 दशमलव या दाशमिक संख्या प्रणाली(Decimal Number System)-
data reperesentation का परिचय. information को विभिन्न रूपों जैसे की text,numbers ,images ,audio,video में आता है. text. data communication में text कोएक bit pattern ,जोकि bits(0s अथवा 1s) की एक sequence होती है जो की रूप में represent किया ...
Topics: Data RepresentationFeel free to share this videoComputer Organization and Architecture Complete Video Tutorial Playlist:https://goo.gl/PJBdb5Check Ou...
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Mantissa, Significand and fraction are synonymously used terms. In the computer, the representation is binary and the binary point is not fixed. For example, a number, say, 23.345 can be written as 2.3345 x 101 or 0.23345 x 102 or 2334.5 x 10-2. The representation 2.3345 x 101 is said to be in normalised form.
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Explained Data Representation in Data Communication and Network | Form of Data in Hindi | Techmoodly🎯 More Information on Video:Information today comes in d...
In this video you will learn three following thing's Number systems, binary, octal & hexadecimal. (Hindi) Computer Science Class 11 - Fundamentals of C++. 37 lessons • 4h 9m. 1. Course Overview (in Hindi) 8:15mins. 2. Understanding Programming Language, Compiler and Machine Language (in Hindi)
Data Representation क्रमश: दो शब्दों से मिलकर बना है पहला Details जिसे हम आसान शब्दों में कहें तो डिजिटल Information या जानकारी कहते हैं । तथा Representation का अर्थ ...
Computer Network. Characteristics, Components, Data Representation, Data Flow (in Hindi) Lesson 2 of 13 • 5 upvotes • 14:14mins ... 13 lessons • 1h 50m . 1. Introduction (in Hindi) 8:31mins. 2. Characteristics, Components, Data Representation, Data Flow (in Hindi) 14:14mins. 3. Networks (in Hindi) 12:13mins. 4. Connection and Topology (in ...
Data Representation Part 1 (in Hindi) Lesson 8 of 20 • 24 upvotes • 14:02mins. Praveen Kumar. In this lesson we studied data representation. Continue on app (Hindi) Basics of Computer and Applications : Railway Exams. 20 lessons • 3h 58m . 1. Basics of Computer and Applications Introduction (in Hindi)
A computer uses a fixed number of bits to represent a piece of data which could be a number, a character, image, sound, video, etc. Data representation is the method used internally to represent data in a computer. Let us see how various types of data can be represented in computer memory. Before discussing data representation of numbers, let ...
Get access to the latest Data Representation (in Hindi) prepared with Programming course curated by Sandeep Singh on Unacademy to prepare for the toughest competitive exam. ... Here we will discuss about data representation in computer. Continue on app (Hindi) Introduction to C++ Programming.
डाटा क्या है (What is Data in Hindi) Data को हम ऐसे कह सकते हैं की ये एक representation होता है facts, concepts, या instructions का एक formalized manner में, जो की suitable होता है communication, interpretation, या processing ...
types of DFD in hindi:-. DFD दो प्रकार का होता है. 1:- लॉजिकल DFD. 2:- फिजिकल DFD. 1:- logical DFD:- लॉजिकल DFD बिज़नेस एक्टिविटी पर केन्द्रित रहता है अर्थात् यह सिस्टम में ...
Disadvantages of Fixed Point Representation in Hindi 1- इसमें fractional number को रिप्रेजेंट करना मुश्किल होता है। 2- इसमें कभी कभी यूजर को संख्या को रिप्रेजेंट करते वक़्त confusion ...
हेल्लो दोस्तों! आज हम इस आर्टिकल में (Floating Point Representation in Hindi - फ्लोटिंग ...
Data can be anything like a number, a name, notes in a musical composition, or the color in a photograph. Data representation can be referred to as the form in which we stored the data, processed it and transmitted it. In order to store the data in digital format, we can use any device like computers, smartphones, and iPads.
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Representation of Data/Information - Computers do not understand human language; they understand data within the prescribed form. Data representation is a method to represent data and encode it in a computer system. Generally, a user inputs numbers, text, images, audio, and video etc types of data to process but the computer converts t.
The topics we will cover in these Computer System Architecture PDF Notes will be taken from the following list: Digital Logic Circuits: Logic Gates, truth tables, Boolean Algebra, digital circuits, combinational circuits, sequential circuits, circuit simplification using Karnaugh map, Don't Care Conditions, flip-flops, characteristic tables.
Get access to the latest Data Representation of Number System and Codes(in Hindi) prepared with GATE & ESE course curated by Ravindra Singh on Unacademy to prepare for the toughest competitive exam. ... Login. GATE & ESE. Free courses. ECE. Digital Electronics. Data Representation of Number System and Codes(in Hindi) Lesson 5 of 5 • 3 upvotes ...