a case study on green building in india

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What Is a Case Study?

When you’re performing research as part of your job or for a school assignment, you’ll probably come across case studies that help you to learn more about the topic at hand. But what is a case study and why are they helpful? Read on to learn all about case studies.

Deep Dive into a Topic

At face value, a case study is a deep dive into a topic. Case studies can be found in many fields, particularly across the social sciences and medicine. When you conduct a case study, you create a body of research based on an inquiry and related data from analysis of a group, individual or controlled research environment.

As a researcher, you can benefit from the analysis of case studies similar to inquiries you’re currently studying. Researchers often rely on case studies to answer questions that basic information and standard diagnostics cannot address.

Study a Pattern

One of the main objectives of a case study is to find a pattern that answers whatever the initial inquiry seeks to find. This might be a question about why college students are prone to certain eating habits or what mental health problems afflict house fire survivors. The researcher then collects data, either through observation or data research, and starts connecting the dots to find underlying behaviors or impacts of the sample group’s behavior.

Gather Evidence

During the study period, the researcher gathers evidence to back the observed patterns and future claims that’ll be derived from the data. Since case studies are usually presented in the professional environment, it’s not enough to simply have a theory and observational notes to back up a claim. Instead, the researcher must provide evidence to support the body of study and the resulting conclusions.

Present Findings

As the study progresses, the researcher develops a solid case to present to peers or a governing body. Case study presentation is important because it legitimizes the body of research and opens the findings to a broader analysis that may end up drawing a conclusion that’s more true to the data than what one or two researchers might establish. The presentation might be formal or casual, depending on the case study itself.

Draw Conclusions

Once the body of research is established, it’s time to draw conclusions from the case study. As with all social sciences studies, conclusions from one researcher shouldn’t necessarily be taken as gospel, but they’re helpful for advancing the body of knowledge in a given field. For that purpose, they’re an invaluable way of gathering new material and presenting ideas that others in the field can learn from and expand upon.

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Indira Paryavaran Bhawan Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF)

Energy Efficient Design Features

Introduction

Indira Paryavaran Bhawan, the new office building for Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF) sets is a radical change from a conventional building design.

The project team put special emphasis on strategies for reducing  energy demand by providing adequate natural light, shading,  landscape to reduce ambient temperature, and energy efficient active building systems. Several energy conservation measures were adopted to reduce the energy loads of the building and the remaining demand was met by producing energy from on-site installed high efficiency solar panels to achieve net zero criteria. Indira Paryavaran Bhawan uses 70% less energy compared a conventional building. The project adopted green building concepts including conservation and optimization of water by recyclingwaste water from the site.

Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is now India’s highest green rated building. The project has received GRIHA 5 Star and LEED Platinum. The building has already won awards such as the Adarsh/GRIHA of MNRE for exemplary demonstration of Integration of Renewable Energy Technologies.

Passive Design Strategies

• Orientation:  Building is north south oriented, with separate blocks connected through corridors and a huge central court yard. Orientation minimizes heat ingress. Optimal window to wall ratio.
• Landscaping:  More than 50% area outside the building is covered with plantation.Circulation roads and pathways are  soft paved to enable ground water recharge.
• Daylighting:  75% of building floor space is day lit, thus reducing dependence on artificial sources for lighting. Inner courtyard serves as a light well.
• Ventilation:  Central courtyard helps in air movement as natural ventilation happens due to stack effect. Windows and jaalis add to cross ventilation.
• Optimized Building Envelope – Window assembly (U-Value 0.049 W/m 2 K),VLT 0.59, SHGC 0.32
• uPVC windows with hermetically sealed double glazed using low heat transmittance index glass
• Rock wool insulation
• High efficiency glass
• Cool roofs: Use of high reflectance terrace tiles for heat ingress, high strength, hard wearing.
• AAC blocks with fly ash
• Fly ash based plaster & mortar
• Stone and Ferro cement jaalis
• Local stone flooring
• Bamboo jute composite doors, frames and flooring
• High efficiency glass, high VLT, low SHGC & Low U-value, optimized by appropriate shading
• Light shelves for diffused sunlight

Active Strategies

Lighting Design

• Energy efficient lighting system ( LPD = 5 W/m 2 ) , nearly 50% more efficient than Energy Conservation Building Code 2007 requirements ( LPD = 11 W/m 2 )  reduces energy demand further.
• Remaining lighting load supplied by building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV).
• Use of energy efficient lighting fixtures (T5 lamps).
• Use of lux level sensor to optimize operation of artificial lighting.

Optimized Energy Systems / HVAC system

Chilled beam system/ VFD/ Screw Chillers

• 160 TR of air conditioning load of the building is met through Chilled beam system. Chilled beam are used from second to sixth floor. This reduces energy use by 50 % compared to a conventional system.
• HVAC load of the buildings is 40 m 2 /TR, about 50% more efficient than ECBC requirements (20 m 2 /TR)
• Chilled water is supplied at 16° C and return temperature is 20° C.
• Drain pans are provided with the chilled beams to drain out water droplets due to condensation during monsoon.
• Water cooled chillers, double skin air handling units with variable frequency drivers(VFD)
• Chilled beams save AHU/FCU fan power consumption by approximate 50 kW.
• VFDs provided in chilled water pumping system, cooling tower fans and AHUs.
• Fresh supply air is pre cooled from toilet exhaust air through sensible & latent heat energy recovery wheel.
• Control of HVAC equipment & monitoring of all systems through integrated building management system.
• Functional zoning to reduce air conditioning loads.
• Room temperature is maintained at 26 ±1 ° C

Geothermal heat exchange system

• There are 180 vertical bores to the depth of 80 meter all along the building premises. Minimum 3 meter distance is maintained between any two bores.
• Each bore has HDPE pipe U-loop (32mm outer diameter) and grouted with Bentonite Slurry. Each U-Loop is connected to the condenser water pipe system in the central air conditioning plant room.
• One U-Loop has 0.9 TR heat rejection capacity. Combined together, 160 TR of heat rejection is obtained without using a cooling tower.

Renewable Energy

• Solar PV System of 930 kW capacity
• Total Area: 6,000 m 2
• Total Area of panels: 4,650 m 2
• No of panels: 2,844
• Annual Energy Generation: 14.3 lakh unit

ACTUAL GENERATION ON SITE ( as on 25.01.2014)

• Power supply to grid started on 19.11.2013
• Power generation achieved: 300 kWh per day
• Total generation: 2.0 kWh
• Sustainable Architectural Built Environment

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10 Most Inspirational Green Buildings in India

Green Buildings in India – The world is moving towards greenways in all aspects of life. Man has recognized the urgency of the need to preserve the nature around him. In architecture, green and sustainable building construction is becoming popular by the day. And then raises the question, what exactly is a green building? A green building is that which tries to eliminate the negative impact it has on the environment and attempts to leave a positive impact on the same. Green buildings in India help in sustaining the depleting natural resources, simultaneously increasing the quality of life.

Here are 10 of the most inspiring greenest building in India.

1. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad | Greenest Building in India

The Rajiv Gandhi airport, commissioned in 2008, is one of the leading examples of highly environmentally sensitive infrastructure design and management in India. Spread over an area of 2223 hectares, the airport’s capacity stands at 12 million passengers and 0.3 million tons of cargo per annum. It is run in a public-private partnership by GMR Hyderabad International Airport Ltd (GHIAL). The GMR airport is the 1st airport in Asia and 2nd globally to have won a LEED silver rating certification. The environmental aspects taken into consideration are greenhouse gas emission management, carbon footprint reduction, material and energy intensity, green supply chain, clean energy use, waste and water consumption reduction, and management.

2. Suzlon One Earth Campus , Pune

The Suzlon one earth campus situated in Pune boasts of being one of the greenest corporate campuses in the world. 7% of the energy consumed by the campus is produced by on-site hybrid wind turbines, solar panels, and photovoltaic cells. Rest 93% is brought in from offsite wind turbines. The building as a whole has 154.83KW renewable energy incorporated. Designing of each of the components, from HVAC to the solar photovoltaic roof of the atrium, is done with special care administered for maximum utilization of green energy. Another interesting feature is the landscaping that has employed Xeriscaping with very efficient water management systems. Reflective pools form the main feature of the landscape design, which along with adding to the natural beauty of the campus, creates a cool microclimate in the surrounding structures.

3. Infinity Benchmark, Kolkata | Greenest Building in India

Located in Salt Lake City in Kolkata, the infinity benchmark is a 20 storied structure with a total floor area of 560,000 square feet. The company is Kolkata’s first LEED platinum-rated structure. From the conceptualization, the design stood for the exploitation of optimum resources, innovative sources for green energy, and protection of the environment around.

Green features of the building include- rooftop terrace garden , insulation layers in walls and ceilings that help in reducing heat consumption, zero discharge rainwater harvesting system, smart indoor air quality monitoring system that senses the CO2 and occupancy levels, effective glazing for natural lighting, low carbon footprint in construction, utilization of recyclable construction materials and even introduction of electric cars for commutation of the employees, with charging points provided.

4. The ITC Green Centre, Gurgaon

The ITC green center was the first corporate building in India to be certified LEED platinum in 2004, and it was the biggest platinum-rated green building with a floor area of 170,000 square feet. Green material like Fly-ash based concrete and Glass with 19% recycled content was used for building the majority of the façade. 10% of the total materials used were either recycled or obtained from other demolished sites. The rest of the construction was carried out by vernacular and low VOC materials .  The design of the ‘V’ shaped structure itself was cleverly carried out, to reduce the heat gain within the building. Stormwater harvesting and zero discharge water facilities are also provided.

5. CII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre, Hyderabad

CII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre (GBC), built in the cyber city of Hyderabad was set up with the idea of educating society about the need of adopting sustainable and green development. The center was the first building in India and the first outside the United States to acquire a LEED Platinum certification . The structure is located centrally in the flattened part of the site. Thick vegetation was developed surrounding it, to reduce heat gain and pollution. The interventions done for energy efficiency include- two air-cooling towers that cool air by up to 8 degrees, a terrace garden in about 55% of the roof, solar cells on the roof producing nearly 20% of the required energy. All materials were certified by the green building council, and 96% of construction waste was recycled.

6. Infosys Limited, Mysore | Greenest Buildings in India

Infosys Software Development Block 5 in Mysore, Karnataka, was certified LEED Platinum in the year 2012. Designed by architect Hafeez Contractor , this was the third Infosys building to achieve the feat, and it took up the total Platinum-certified building area at Infosys to 780,000 square feet.

Light shelves are installed on all the windows to ensure the utilization of daylight into the depths of the building. The lighting design within the building is so efficient that it is in fact 35% more efficient than the ASHRAE regulations . The 100% energy need of the building is facilitated by green power. The walls and roofs are well insulated and high-performance equipment and advanced automation are employed. All of these have resulted in a 40% saving of energy over the ASHRAE norms.

7. T-ZED Homes, Bengaluru

T-ZED, completed in 2009 is India’s first IGBC Platinum-rated residential apartment complex. The project was carried out by Biodiversity Conservation India Ltd (BCIL), Bangalore. Completed in 2009, the whole construction was done without the use of concrete blocks, bricks, vitrified tiles, chemical paints, or ceramics in its construction, and a very optimum amount of reinforced steel and composite cement was used. In the complex that spreads in 5 acres, there are 80 apartments and 15 individual houses.

A 44 interconnected rainwater percolation wells system, that is connected to a 400,000-liter underground water tank, purification system of water using reverse osmosis, utilization of greywater for irrigation and in toilets, a biogas digester for generating power from biodegradable wastes, the list of innovative sustainable interventions in the complex is remarkable. In the individual units, lights controlled by mobile phones, ‘water conscience meters’ etc are some modern innovations.

8. Raintree Hotel, Chennai

Raintree was the fifth hotel in India and the first in south India to get an Ecotel certification in 2006. Conservation of energy and water, solid waste management, employee environmental education and community involvement, and a steadfast commitment to the environment are the main focus areas of the hotel. The five-star hotel, constructed by Ceebros Property Development Limited , employed rubberwood, bamboo, medium density fiber, and Portland Pozzolana cement that contains 15 to 20% of fly ash in construction. The sewage treatment plant recycles water and uses it for air-conditioning, while the heat produced by air conditioners is used for heating water.

9. AnsalEsencia, Sector 67, Gurgaon  | Greenest Building in India

The Esencia Township, undertaken by Ansal API, was completed as the first project for Green Rating by GRIHA under the Integrated Habitat Assessment Norms. Often referred to as the greenest community in the NCR (National Capital Region), Esencia had employed several innovative technologies to make sure it reduced the impact it had on the environment.

The green interventions include –renewable solar energy used for street lights and hot water systems, sensor-controlled lighting, master switches in each apartment, trees with large foliages and green zones in landscaping, pedestrian and bicycle tracks, and an organized waste management system. The trees chosen for landscaping were carefully picked for a larger crown, faster growth, and reduction of air pollution.

10.  Patni Knowledge Center, Noida

This IT-BPO center in Noida, that’s spread over an area of 5 acres and seating of 3,500 people, is the second-largest Platinum-rated building in the world, and the largest Platinum-rated building outside the United States. The Knowledge Center has achieved this by practicing climatic responsive architecture . Over 50% of the site is a green area, 75% receives natural daylight, zero discharge, and 100% recycling of sewage is carried out, drip water irrigation and solar water heating are provided. Eco-friendly and recyclable materials were used along with low VOC emitting materials.  Air quality and CO2 level sensors are also employed.

The Indian market for green buildings is estimated to double in the near future as more citizens are getting aware of the negative consequences humans have caused to earth due to extensive use of minerals, manmade products, pesticides, etc. though it is not a very common concept in India, as of now, it is said to be beneficial for the growth.

Melva Joseph is a young, passionate architecture graduate from TKM College of Engineering, Kerala. Being extremely curious and adaptable made her an extensive reader, avid traveller and a good conversationalist. She holds close the belief that the existing gap between architecture and the common man should be bridged.

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1. Traditional Indian Architecture 2. Bamboo Guest House Extension - Kolkata 3. Institute of Rural Research and Development - Gurgaon 4. The Energy and Research Institute, University - Delhi 5. CII Shobraj Godrej Green Business Centre - Hyderabad 6. IIT Green Centre - Gurgaon 7. Centre for Environment Education - Ahmedabad

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Home > Journals > School of Environmental Science > JESSD > Vol. 5 > Iss. 2 (2022)

Article Title

CHALLENGES TO BUILDING SUSTAINABILITY; CASE STUDY OF GREEN BUILDING IMPLEMENTATION IN ABUBAKAR TAFAWA BALEWA UNIVERSITY BAUCHI, NIGERIA

Sani Inusa Milala , Real Estate and Facilities Management/Technology Management and Business/Science, Universiti Tun Hussein ONN Malaysia, Johor, 86400, Malaysia Follow Audu Danladi , Estate Management and Valuation/Environmental Technology/Environmental/ Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, 740727, Nigeria Follow Shuaibu H. Manga , Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Department of Estate Management Follow Inusa Ibrahim , Information Technology /Science and Technology/Science/ Marwadi University Rajkot Gujarat, 360003, India Follow

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Article classification.

Environmental Science

Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (ATBU) has become the tip of the iceberg since technology globalization has created a welcoming environment for green construction. However, there are several roadblocks to overcome, this includes barriers to technology. Dependence on technology stifles the autonomous growth of one's technology. This implementation of sustainable green building has been implemented in ATBU such as green construction, financing, among others. The study has the primary aim of assessing the impediment to the sustainable implementation of green building practices in ATBU. Quantitative research design is adopted in this study where questionnaire survey strategy was used to collect data. There is a total of 180 staff that constitute the respondent scope where Krejcie and Morgan table of 1970 are used to determine the sample. 123 are adopted as a sample. In the process of the survey, 123 survey are distributed and only 101 are retrieved for the descriptive analysis and correlational statistical analysis was used in the exploration of the result. It was found that good ventilation light is the indicator of the green building that was lacking a technical know-how, with lack of professionals to handle the task, and the predominant practice by governments and institutions of separating capital and operating budgets rather than applying life-cycle budgeting. The study found .650** strong correlational relationship between green building and performance of academic activities. The study concluded that there is a low level of green building awareness in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi. The building projects in Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi adopted few elements of green building assessment categories and the level of green building practice of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi building projects to each building assessment categories is not in line with the green building practice. This study will further enable the environment of the abubakar tafawa balewa university to consider various options by using this study as a benchmark for the evaluation and ranking among the global university.

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Recommended Citation

Milala, Sani Inusa; Danladi, Audu; Manga, Shuaibu H.; and Ibrahim, Inusa (2022). CHALLENGES TO BUILDING SUSTAINABILITY; CASE STUDY OF GREEN BUILDING IMPLEMENTATION IN ABUBAKAR TAFAWA BALEWA UNIVERSITY BAUCHI, NIGERIA. Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development , 5(2), 340-358. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7454/jessd.v5i2.1095

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Green building: case study

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Journal ijmr.net.in(UGC Approved)

SYED M A Q B O O L GEELANI

Building materials and technologies, and building practices have evolved through ages. The following points require attention, regarding the use of modern building materials: energy consumed in the manufacturing processes, problems of long distance transportation, natural resources and raw materials consumed, recycling and safe disposal, impact on environment, and long-term sustainability. Thus the issues related to energy expenditure, recycling, biodegradable, environmental and sustainability with respect to future demand need to be addressed during the manufacture and use of any new building material by the practice of increasing the efficiency with which buildings use resources energy, water, and materials while reducing building impacts on human health and the environment, through better site, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal i.e. the complete building life cycle for achieving sustainable building development or green building development. The goal of the "green building" project is to reduce the impact of construction on the environment by sustainable building and construction of buildings using methods and materials that are resource efficient and will not compromise the health of the environment or the associated health and well-being of the building's occupants, construction workers, the general public, or future generations. Sustainable building involves the consideration of many issues, including land use, site impacts, indoor environment, energy and water use, solid waste, and lifecycle impacts of building materials. Energy consumption and associated greenhouse gas emissions will therefore continue to rise unless actions to direct the construction industry towards sustainable consumption and production are taken urgently.

NeuroQuantology

SHAHID AMIN

Green buildings are also referred to as 'green construction' or 'sustainable buildings'. Their development reduces reliance on fossil fuels and reduces the total negative environmental effect. The overarching objective of the green buildings is to improve the residents' quality of life through environmentally and environmentally friendly developments. There is an immense potential in the green buildings in India, however research is not sufficient in this direction. The current paper is an attempt to make investigation of green buildings in India with special reference to Delhi. The results suggest that the awareness and usage is increasing for Green buildings in India. The results also suggest that education has strong relationship with the usage of green buildings in India.

pankaj saini

The concept of green building has created an immense importance in a developing country like INDIA. The theory implies of minimizing the wastage and the cost of construction. Green Building encompasses a wide range of design practices, building systems integration, product specification, and construction techniques Green building approach is consistent with the mission of most affordable housing developers, and the most community development corporation mission statements which include language about ensuring that low income people have access to safe, decent and affordable housing. The concept of green buildings is not as emerging as we think it is. The Evolution of housing started by utilizing nature and natural resources like trees and caves as shelter from the severity of natural elements like sun, rain, wind, etc. Based on such complex experiences, our Vedic philosophy evolved certain methods to maximize the use of Panch Mahabhuta or the 5 basic elements of nature, i.e., Jal (w...

IOSR Journals

Change in climate, caused by the release of greenhouse effect causing gases (primarily carbon dioxide) into the atmosphere, has been recognized as one of the greatest threats of the 21st century. Share of the global energy consumption in India and China has also been on the rise due to heavy industrialization, urbanization, population explosion, and intensive growth of IT. Buildings are the prime energy consumers in modern cities accounting upto 40 to 45% energy consumption. Their consumption can be largely confined through improving efficiency, which is an effective means to lessen greenhouse gas emissions and slow down depletion of fossil fuels. There is a heavy (over 50%) saving potential in the building sector and thus it is considered as a potential sector to meet the challenges of global energy demand and climate change. Along with the advent of energy efficient measures, more effective means are needed to induce or compel greater efforts, especially to the signatories of the Kyoto Protocol. This technical paper highlights the importance of sustainable construction, discusses role of energy efficiency in green buildings in Indian context to reduce the energy consumption and environmental degradation through Green House Gas emission (GHG). Also it points out to the benefits of green construction as well as the incentives from govt. and municipal bodies for GRIHA certified green building.

Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology

Mohammed Arif

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the characteristics of green building guidelines in developed countries and to analyze their influence on the evolution and adoption of similar guidelines in India.Design/methodology/approachThis research reviews the green building guidelines in the developed as well as the developing countries such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design guidelines for new construction (LEED® NC‐USA), Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM)‐UK, Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency (CASBEE)‐Japan, and LEED®‐India and further performs a comparative analysis of these guidelines.FindingsBased on the comparative analysis of LEED® NC‐USA, BREEAM‐UK, and CASBEE‐Japan, the characteristics that might have affected their current acceptance were identified. The catalysts and hindrances associated with the acceptance of LEED‐India in India were identified based on the comparative analysis ...

IAEME Publication

Environmental pollution has reached a stage wherein it cannot be left alone to the natural environment to heal by itself. Human interventions have become absolutely necessary to control environmental pollution and reduce the impact of damage to the environment. One large contributor to environmental pollution is the construction industry. The improper use of natural resources in construction on buildings, the energy consumed and the dispose of the salvage largely impacts the environment. There is a huge concern to reduce the impact of buildings on the environment. This concerns for the environment have in fact led to the thought process of construction of green buildings which minimize the impact of the buildings on the environment. In order to minimize the environmental impact of the buildings it is high time to follow guidelines and necessary steps for undertaking the task of construction of green buildings. The researchers in this paper talks about the requirement of green building constructions in India, and tries to find out the drivers which create a demand for purchase of green buildings.

KULDEEP KAUSHIK

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change

The purpose of this article is to provide planners with an introduction to the concept of green buildings and building assessment systems and to identify and explore the major themes in the literature as they relate to planning. Green building is one of the measures that has been put forward to alleviate the remarkable impacts of the building stock on the environment, society and economy. GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assesment) is a rating instrument that helps individuals evaluate their building's efficiency against certain benchmarks that are acceptable nationwide, it evaluates a building's environmental efficiency over its entire life cycle holistically. This paper reports a critical review of the GRIHA rating system and incentives provided by GRIHA in India, techniques, and methods for construction of the green building, financial aspects of the green building. The efficiency of different environment-friendly models is broadly discussed in this study. The p...

Interal Res journa Managt Sci Tech

The building sector is one of the biggest consumers of electricity in India [1] ; it is also the largest generator of CO2 emission & one of the highest consumers of water in India. This is the basic reason why Green building movement comes to India so that we can minimise the environment effect caused by the construction activity in India. Green buildings have potential to reduce up to 34 percent lower CO2 emissions, consume 25 percent less energy and 11 percent less water, and have diverted more than 80 million tonnes of waste from landfills [2]. The author of this paper has studied different rating systems in India & the sustainability of the green buildings in India. The paper goes beyond Green building rating system and gives a thought to the understanding of embedded emission and operational emission. The author of the paper gives an idea of not only Green Building but also a sustainable green building by Post occupancy evaluation.

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